Nutritional status, dietary quality and eating disturbance issues among people with dementia in Vietnam: evidence of a cross-sectional study

Table 3 The frequency and percentage of study subjects having eating disturbance issues by severity levels of dementia (n = 63)

Categories	Normal (n = 12)	Mild (n = 21)	Moderate (n = 20)	Severe (n = 10)	Total (n = 63)	p-value	ES
Categories	n (%)	n (%)	n (%)	n (%)	n (%)	p-value	ES
Eating disturbance issues	9 (75.0)	19 (90.5)	20 (100)	9 (90.0)	57 (90.5)	0.10^F	0.29^V
Swallowing disturbance	6 (50.0)	9 (42.9)	11 (55.0)	6 (60.0)	32 (50.8)	0.80^C	0.13^W
Appetite change	9 (75.0)	15 (71.4)	17 (85.0)	7 (70.0)	48 (76.2)	0.71^F	0.15^V
Loss of appetite	2 (16.7)	9 (42.9)	9 (45.0)	2 (20.0)	22 (34.9)	0.26^F	0.26^V
Increase in appetite	6 (50.0)	4 (19.0)	4 (20.0)	1 (10.0)	15 (23.8)	0.15^F	0.31^V
Food preference	4 (33.3)	11 (52.4)	14 (70.0)	3 (30.0)	32 (50.8)	0.10^C	0.31^W
Eating habits	5 (41.7)	11 (52.4)	15 (75.0)	7 (70.0)	38 (60.3)	0.23^F	0.27^V
Other eating behaviors	3 (25.0)	8 (38.1)	7 (35.0)	6 (60.0)	24 (38.1)	0.43^F	0.22^V

Note: ^F: Fisher’s exact test;^C: Chi-square test; ES: Effect size; V: effect sizes are expressed as Cramer’s V; W: effect sizes are expressed as Cohen’s W

ISSN: 2072-1315