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Table 15 Logit estimates—full model for substitution effects

From: Understanding the ability of households to cope with economic shocks: an empirical study of Pakistan during the COVID-19 pandemic

 

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

(11)

(12)

(1)

1.678***

0.877***

0.802***

0.773***

0.795***

0.771***

0.770***

0.733***

0.732***

0.728***

0.714***

0.713***

 

(0.114)

(0.129)

(0.132)

(0.133)

(0.133)

(0.134)

(0.136)

(0.137)

(0.137)

(0.137)

(0.137)

(0.137)

(2)

 

1.779***

1.490***

1.469***

1.467***

1.468***

1.490***

1.494***

1.495***

1.426***

1.416***

1.420***

  

(0.179)

(0.182)

(0.183)

(0.183)

(0.184)

(0.186)

(0.186)

(0.186)

(0.192)

(0.192)

(0.192)

(3)

  

1.133***

1.070***

1.095***

1.036***

0.939***

0.890***

0.889***

0.871***

0.880***

0.883***

   

(0.0850)

(0.0863)

(0.0866)

(0.0875)

(0.0891)

(0.0900)

(0.0901)

(0.0909)

(0.0911)

(0.0912)

(4)

   

0.513***

0.705***

0.660***

0.453***

0.463***

0.462***

0.465***

0.438***

0.437***

    

(0.115)

(0.126)

(0.128)

(0.131)

(0.132)

(0.132)

(0.132)

(0.133)

(0.133)

(5)

    

− 0.752***

− 1.170***

− 1.068***

− 1.077***

− 1.079***

− 1.082***

− 1.079***

− 1.127***

     

(0.201)

(0.219)

(0.220)

(0.220)

(0.221)

(0.221)

(0.222)

(0.224)

(6)

     

0.798***

0.599***

0.530***

0.529***

0.522***

0.516***

0.514***

      

(0.122)

(0.127)

(0.128)

(0.128)

(0.128)

(0.128)

(0.128)

(7)

      

0.904***

0.808***

0.808***

0.812***

0.746***

0.745***

       

(0.0990)

(0.101)

(0.101)

(0.101)

(0.105)

(0.105)

(8)

       

0.472***

0.462***

0.466***

0.444***

0.442***

        

(0.0884)

(0.111)

(0.111)

(0.112)

(0.112)

(9)

        

0.0174

0.00965

− 0.0219

− 0.0396

         

(0.120)

(0.120)

(0.121)

(0.121)

(10)

         

0.231

0.238

0.231

          

(0.175)

(0.175)

(0.175)

(11)

          

0.259**

0.242**

           

(0.115)

(0.115)

(12)

           

0.443**

            

(0.214)

(13)

            

(14)

            

(15)

            

(16)

            

(17)

            

(18)

            

(19)

            

(20)

            

(21)

            

(22)

            

(23)

            

(24)

            

(25)

            

Const

− 2.256***

− 3.155***

− 3.448***

− 3.445***

− 3.464***

− 3.509***

− 3.653***

− 3.775***

− 3.775***

− 3.911***

− 3.911***

− 3.916***

 

(0.106)

(0.163)

(0.167)

(0.167)

(0.168)

(0.168)

(0.171)

(0.173)

(0.173)

(0.204)

(0.204)

(0.204)

N

3456

3456

3456

3456

3456

3456

3456

3456

3456

3456

3456

3456

r2_p

0.0708

0.102

0.148

0.153

0.156

0.167

0.187

0.194

0.194

0.194

0.195

0.196

chi2

290.0

418.6

605.3

625.1

639.6

682.0

764.9

793.1

793.1

794.9

800.0

804.2

ll

− 1903

− 1838

− 1745

− 1735

− 1728

− 1707

− 1665

− 1651

− 1651

− 1650

− 1648

− 1646

 

(13)

(14)

(15)

(16)

(17)

(18)

(19)

(20)

(21)

(22)

(23)

(24)

(25)

(1)

0.706***

0.706***

0.680***

0.673***

0.670***

0.669***

0.668***

0.667***

0.667***

0.667***

0.673***

0.676***

0.677***

 

(0.137)

(0.137)

(0.137)

(0.138)

(0.138)

(0.138)

(0.138)

(0.138)

(0.138)

(0.138)

(0.138)

(0.138)

(0.138)

(2)

1.417***

1.417***

1.417***

1.417***

1.422***

1.419***

1.425***

1.426***

1.433***

1.434***

1.433***

1.444***

1.446***

 

(0.192)

(0.192)

(0.192)

(0.192)

(0.192)

(0.192)

(0.193)

(0.193)

(0.193)

(0.193)

(0.193)

(0.193)

(0.193)

(3)

0.877***

0.875***

0.867***

0.864***

0.883***

0.882***

0.883***

0.883***

0.882***

0.882***

0.885***

0.882***

0.881***

 

(0.0913)

(0.0914)

(0.0916)

(0.0916)

(0.0921)

(0.0921)

(0.0921)

(0.0922)

(0.0922)

(0.0922)

(0.0923)

(0.0923)

(0.0923)

(4)

0.407***

0.409***

0.417***

0.386***

0.385***

0.385***

0.389***

0.384***

0.387***

0.385***

0.392***

0.391***

0.398***

 

(0.134)

(0.134)

(0.134)

(0.135)

(0.136)

(0.136)

(0.136)

(0.136)

(0.136)

(0.136)

(0.136)

(0.136)

(0.137)

(5)

− 1.134***

− 1.134***

− 1.164***

− 1.148***

− 1.151***

− 1.149***

− 1.150***

− 1.154***

− 1.161***

− 1.161***

− 1.164***

− 1.163***

− 1.168***

 

(0.225)

(0.225)

(0.227)

(0.228)

(0.229)

(0.228)

(0.229)

(0.229)

(0.229)

(0.229)

(0.229)

(0.229)

(0.229)

(6)

0.502***

0.502***

0.486***

0.486***

0.460***

0.460***

0.461***

0.463***

0.463***

0.463***

0.466***

0.462***

0.458***

 

(0.129)

(0.129)

(0.129)

(0.129)

(0.130)

(0.130)

(0.130)

(0.130)

(0.130)

(0.130)

(0.130)

(0.130)

(0.130)

(7)

0.739***

0.738***

0.740***

0.746***

0.753***

0.752***

0.754***

0.757***

0.757***

0.757***

0.756***

0.753***

0.753***

 

(0.106)

(0.106)

(0.106)

(0.106)

(0.106)

(0.106)

(0.106)

(0.106)

(0.106)

(0.106)

(0.106)

(0.106)

(0.106)

(8)

0.450***

0.452***

0.449***

0.437***

0.440***

0.440***

0.441***

0.442***

0.443***

0.442***

0.443***

0.453***

0.457***

 

(0.112)

(0.112)

(0.112)

(0.112)

(0.112)

(0.112)

(0.112)

(0.112)

(0.112)

(0.112)

(0.112)

(0.113)

(0.113)

(9)

− 0.0640

− 0.0658

− 0.0800

− 0.0460

− 0.0592

− 0.0585

− 0.0588

− 0.0577

− 0.0525

− 0.0522

− 0.0495

− 0.0566

− 0.0667

 

(0.122)

(0.122)

(0.122)

(0.123)

(0.124)

(0.124)

(0.124)

(0.124)

(0.124)

(0.124)

(0.124)

(0.124)

(0.126)

(10)

0.232

0.226

0.228

0.221

0.210

0.209

0.212

0.214

0.221

0.223

0.218

0.215

0.215

 

(0.175)

(0.177)

(0.178)

(0.178)

(0.178)

(0.178)

(0.178)

(0.178)

(0.178)

(0.178)

(0.178)

(0.178)

(0.178)

(11)

0.225*

0.222*

0.214*

0.218*

0.218*

0.220*

0.217*

0.217*

0.217*

0.216*

0.218*

0.207*

0.202*

 

(0.116)

(0.116)

(0.117)

(0.117)

(0.117)

(0.117)

(0.117)

(0.117)

(0.117)

(0.117)

(0.117)

(0.117)

(0.118)

(12)

0.384*

0.385*

0.373*

0.337

0.307

0.313

0.312

0.311

0.309

0.307

0.298

0.306

0.304

 

(0.217)

(0.217)

(0.218)

(0.220)

(0.221)

(0.222)

(0.221)

(0.222)

(0.221)

(0.222)

(0.222)

(0.222)

(0.223)

(13)

0.409**

0.408**

0.257

0.201

0.168

0.175

0.180

0.178

0.181

0.184

0.189

0.179

0.181

 

(0.172)

(0.172)

(0.180)

(0.182)

(0.183)

(0.184)

(0.184)

(0.184)

(0.184)

(0.184)

(0.184)

(0.184)

(0.184)

(14)

 

0.0219

0.0207

0.0134

0.0199

0.0203

0.0172

0.0169

0.0150

0.0147

0.0138

0.00757

0.00298

  

(0.104)

(0.104)

(0.104)

(0.104)

(0.104)

(0.104)

(0.104)

(0.104)

(0.104)

(0.104)

(0.104)

(0.105)

(15)

  

0.449***

0.409***

0.398***

0.406***

0.401***

0.401***

0.401***

0.400***

0.399**

0.388**

0.384**

   

(0.153)

(0.154)

(0.154)

(0.155)

(0.155)

(0.155)

(0.155)

(0.155)

(0.155)

(0.155)

(0.156)

(16)

   

0.341**

0.224

0.225

0.229

0.230

0.236

0.236

0.227

0.233

0.250

    

(0.148)

(0.156)

(0.156)

(0.156)

(0.156)

(0.156)

(0.156)

(0.157)

(0.157)

(0.160)

(17)

    

0.693**

0.715**

0.719**

0.718**

0.723**

0.729**

0.727**

0.692**

0.698**

     

(0.279)

(0.283)

(0.283)

(0.283)

(0.284)

(0.284)

(0.285)

(0.285)

(0.286)

(18)

     

− 0.240

− 0.251

− 0.240

− 0.241

− 0.243

− 0.232

− 0.208

− 0.218

      

(0.500)

(0.500)

(0.499)

(0.500)

(0.500)

(0.500)

(0.501)

(0.502)

(19)

      

0.0785

0.0702

0.0650

0.0634

0.0631

0.0645

0.0643

       

(0.0866)

(0.0870)

(0.0871)

(0.0872)

(0.0872)

(0.0873)

(0.0873)

(20)

       

0.0973

0.0993

0.0995

0.0989

0.0978

0.0960

        

(0.0934)

(0.0934)

(0.0934)

(0.0934)

(0.0935)

(0.0936)

(21)

        

0.0950

0.0910

0.0916

0.0951

0.0946

         

(0.0908)

(0.0912)

(0.0913)

(0.0913)

(0.0913)

(22)

         

0.0387

0.0367

0.0371

0.0350

          

(0.0889)

(0.0889)

(0.0890)

(0.0891)

(23)

          

0.292

0.322

0.319

           

(0.240)

(0.241)

(0.241)

(24)

           

0.204**

0.203**

            

(0.0880)

(0.0880)

(25)

            

− 0.0523

             

(0.102)

Const

− 3.915***

− 3.925***

− 3.923***

− 3.929***

− 3.935***

− 3.932***

− 3.977***

− 4.041***

− 4.088***

− 4.103***

− 4.114***

− 4.202***

− 4.182***

 

(0.204)

(0.210)

(0.210)

(0.210)

(0.211)

(0.211)

(0.217)

(0.226)

(0.231)

(0.233)

(0.234)

(0.238)

(0.241)

N

3456

3456

3456

3456

3456

3456

3456

3456

3456

3456

3456

3456

3456

r2_p

0.198

0.198

0.200

0.201

0.203

0.203

0.203

0.203

0.203

0.203

0.204

0.205

0.205

chi2

809.9

809.9

818.5

823.7

829.8

830.1

830.9

832.0

833.1

833.3

834.7

840.1

840.3

ll

− 1643

− 1643

− 1638

− 1636

− 1633

− 1633

− 1632

− 1632

− 1631

− 1631

− 1630

− 1628

− 1627

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Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition

ISSN: 2072-1315

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