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Table 2 The effect of the fortified and regular kefir on depression and appetite scores in elderly participants (n = 67)

From: The effect of probiotic-fortified kefir on depression, appetite, oxidative stress, and inflammatory parameters in Iranian overweight and obese elderly: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial

Variables

Fortified kefir group

(n = 32)

Regular kefir group

(n = 35)

P-value 1

GDS-15 Score

   

 Before

8.91 ± 1.69

9.17 ± 1.68

0.526

 After

8.03 ± 1.12

8.94 ± 1.02

0.001

 Change

-0.87 ± 1.26

-0.22 ± 1.28

0.042

 P-value 2

<0.001

0.300

 

Appetite Score

   

 Before

5.69 ± 0.95

5.85 ± 1.08

0.522

 After

6.40 ± 0.55

6.31 ± 0.67

0.549

 Change

0.71 ± 0.88

0.45 ± 0.74

0.194

 P-value 2

<0.001

0.001

 
  1. 1 Using independent samples T-test
  2. 2 Using paired-sample T-test
  3. - Values are mean ± SD
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Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition

ISSN: 2072-1315

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