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Table 1 Baseline features of study population across the median of planetary healthy diet index

From: The association between the planetary health diet index and the risk of sarcopenia and protein-energy wasting in patients with chronic kidney disease

Variables

PHDI

Lower than the median score (n = 58)

Higher than the median score (n = 51)

P-value

Age (year) 1

61.00 (22.00)

68.00 (14.00)

0.002

BMI (kg/m2)2

26.91 ± 5.71

29.20 ± 5.38

0.034

Sarcopenia, yes (%) 3

11 (19.00)

5 (9.80)

0.278

PEW, yes (%) 3

9 (15.50)

6 (11.80)

0.781

Sex, male (%) 3

31 (53.40)

28 (54.90)

0.999

Muscle weight (kg) 1

20.15 (7.50)

21.60 (8.60)

0.274

Fat percentage (%) 2

25.48 ± 9.88

29.20 ± 9.01

0.044

MAC (cm) 1

28.50 (5.00)

30.00 (4.00)

0.079

ASM (kg/m2) 2

8.07 ± 1.61

8.50 ± 1.37

0.147

HGS (kg) 1

16.50 (10.00)

19.00 (11.00)

0.459

Walk duration (second) 1

7.00 (2.00)

7.00 (1.50)

0.112

Chair sitting (second) 1

14.00 (5.00)

14.00 (3.00)

0.289

SGA 1

9.50 (4.00)

9.00 (3.00)

0.165

Smoking, yes (%) 3

11 (19.00)

12 (23.50)

0.641

Physical activity (%) 3

Low

Moderate

36 (62.10)

22 (37.90)

42 (82.40)

9 (17.60)

0.021

Marital status (%) 3

Single

Married

6 (10.30)

52 (89.70)

1 (2.00)

50 (98.00)

0.118

GFR (mL/min/1.7m2) 2

32.44 ± 14.08

32.60 ± 12.89

0.950

Hemoglobin (gr/dL) 2

12.24 ± 1.95

12.87 ± 2.34

0.132

Albumin (gr/dL) 2

4.09 ± 0.45

4.10 ± 0.38

0.880

Iron (µg/dL) 2

73.39 ± 28.49

71.95 ± 40.70

0.853

Ferritin (ng/ml) 2

139.85 ± 153.28

112.20 ± 84.83

0.268

TIBC (mcg/dl) 1

321.50 (76.00)

227.00 (86.00)

0.173

ALT (IU/L) 2

21.87 ± 9.21

22.56 ± 11.23

0.763

AST (IU/L) 1

21.00 (9.00)

20.00 (8.00)

0.660

PTH (pg/mL) 1

55.90 (95.00)

70.60 (58.50)

0.217

Vitamin D3 level (ng/mL) 2

33.78 ± 14.37

36.09 ± 16.25

0.441

BUN (mg/dl) 2

34.28 ± 16.87

29.69 ± 13.15

0.120

Creatinine (mg/dL) 1

1.98 (1.50)

2.00(.70)

0.535

Urine creatinine (mg/dL) 2

847.51 ± 416.34

903.76 ± 367.64

0.459

FBS (mg/dL) 1

99.50 (35.00)

96.00 (35.00)

0.762

TG (mg/dL) 2

146.04 ± 90.30

155.00 ± 90.18

0.637

Total cholesterol (mg/dL) 2

153.72 ± 41.67

148.96 ± 35.28

0.524

LDL-C(mg/dL) 2

84.15 ± 27.27

83.41 ± 26.21

0.898

HDL-C (mg/dL) 2

45.38 ± 15.00

39.63 ± 8.77

0.036

PCO2 (mmHg) 2

41.32 ± 8.91

47.73 ± 56.07

0.392

PO2 (mmHg) 1

38.05 (25.00)

30.80 (15.90)

0.508

HCO3 (mmol/L) 2

22.86 ± 3.43

22.22 ± 3.78

0.353

PHDI total score 2

62.24 ± 8.03

84.80 ± 7.60

<0.001

PHDI adequacy components 1

23.00 (14.25)

30.00 (12.00)

<0.001

PHDI optimum components 1

22.00 (9.25)

28.00 (7.00)

<0.001

  1. BMI: body mass index, PEW: protein-energy wasting, MAC: mid-arm circumference, ASM: appendicular skeletal muscle mass, HGS: handgrip strength, SGA: subjective global assessment, GFR: glomerular filtration rate, TIBC: total iron-binding capacity, ALT: alanine transaminase, AST: aspartate transaminase, PTH: parathyroid hormone, BUN: blood urea nitrogen, FBS: fasting blood sugar, TG: triglyceride, LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, PCO2: partial pressure of carbon dioxide, PO2: partial pressure of oxygen, PHDI: planetary healthy diet index
  2. 1 Using Mann–Whitney U test for abnormal continuous variables and values are median (IQR)
  3. 2 Using independent samples T-test for normal continuous variables and values are mean ± SD
  4. 3 Using chi-square test for categorical variables and values are percentage
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Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition

ISSN: 2072-1315

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