Table 4 Factors associated with bacteriological confirmed PTB in people who experience homelessness in Wolaita Sodo, Areka and Bodeti towns, Southern Ethiopia, 2023

Sex

 Male

 Female

240(68.2)

112(31.8)

21(77.8)

6(22.2)

219(67.4)

106(32.6)

1.694(0.664,4.321)

1

-

-

Age

 <18

 18–27

 28–37

 38–47

 48–57

 58 and older

75(21.3)

105(29.8)

85 (24.1)

52 (14.8)

19 (5.4)

16 (4.6)

1(3.7)

8(29.6)

6(22.2)

7(25.9)

3(11.1)

2(7.5)

74(22.8)

97(29.8)

79(24.3)

45(13.8)

16(4.9)

14(4.4)

0.095(0.008,1.116)

0.577(0.111,2.999)

0.532(0.097,2.905)

1.089(0.203,5.854)

1.313(0.191,9.021)

1

-

-

-

-

-

-

Marital status

 Single

 Married

 Divorced

 Widowed

224(63.6)

11 (3.1)

52 (14.8)

65 (18.5)

14(51.9)

1(3.7)

5(18.5)

7(25.9)

210(64.6)

10(3.1)

47(14.5)

58(17.8)

0.552(0.213,1.432)

0.829(0.092,7.479)

0.881(0.263,2.957)

1

-

-

Educational status

 Illiterate

 Primary

 Secondary

 College and above

203(57.7)

121(34.4)

19 (5.4)

9(2.6)

18(66.7)

6(22.2)

1(3.7)

2(7.4)

185(56.9)

115(35.4)

18(5.5)

7(2.2)

0.341(0.066,1.763)

0.183(0.031,1.075)

0.194(0.015,2.501)

1

-

-

Residence

 Sodo

 Areka

 Bodeti

210(59.7)

72 (20.5)

70 (19.8)

14(51.9)

6(22.2)

7(25.9)

196(60.3)

66(20.3)

63(19.4)

0.643(0.248,1.663)

0.818(0.261,2.568)

1

-

-

Smoking cigarette

 Yes

 No

184(52.3)

168(47.7)

23(85.2)

4(14.8)

161(49.5)

164(50.5)

5.857(1.981,17.313)

1

7.673(1.622,36.303)

1

0.010**

Smoking benzene

 Yes

 No

187(53.1)

165(46.9)

22(81.5)

5(18.5)

165(50.8)

160(49.2)

4.267(1.577,11.541)

1

8.348(2.061,33.813)

1

0.003**

Chewing tobacco

 Yes

 No

112(31.8)

240(68.2)

17(63.0)

10(37.0)

95(29.2)

230(70.8)

4.116(1.818,9.316)

1

4.138(1.249,13.709)

1

0.020**

Drink alcohol

 Yes

 No

260(73.9)

92(26.1)

22(81.5)

5(18.5)

238(73.2)

87(26.8)

1,608(0.591,4.379)

1

-

Chew chat

 Yes

 No

138(39.2)

214(60.8)

13(48.1)

14(51.9)

125(38.5)

200(61.5)

1.486(0.676,3.265)

-

Substance misuse

 Yes

 No

39(11.1)

313(88.9)

8(29.6)

19(70.4)

31(9.5)

294(90.5)

3.993(1.615,9.873)

1

1.013(0.199, 5.159)

1

0.987

Duration

 > 5 years

 < 5 years

129(36.6)

223(63.4)

20(74.1)

7(25.9)

109(33.5)

216(66.5)

5.662(2.323,13.801)

1

6.749(1.914,23.797)

1

0.003**

Average number of homeless

lived together

 > 5 persons

 < 5 persons

252(71.6)

100(28.4)

16(59.3)

11(40.7)

236(72.6)

89(27.4)

1.823(0.815,4.079)

1

-

-

Close contact with chronic cough

 Yes

 No

199(56.5)

153(43.5)

21(77.8)

6(22.2)

178(54.8)

147(45.2)

2.890(1.137,7.349)

1

2.311(0.613, 8.718)

1

0.216

Past history of TB

 Yes

 No

4 (1.1)

348(98.9)

3(11.1)

24(88.9)

1(0.3)

324(99.7)

4.128(0.415,41.101)

-

-

Taking any medication

 Yes

 No

32(9.1)

320(90.9)

10(37.0)

17(63.0)

22(6.8)

303(93.2)

8.102(3.317,19.787)

1

4.686(1.216,18.064)

1

0.025**

BMI

 <18.5

 >18.5

69(25.0)

207(75.0)

14(53.8)

12(46.2)

55(22.0)

195(78.0)

4.136(1.809,9.458)

1

5.328(1.663,17.070)

1

0.005**

HIV

 Reactive

 Non reactive

41(11.6)

311(88.4)

14(51.9)

13(48.1)

27(8.3)

298(91.7)

11.886(5.073,27.851)

1

5.234(1.558, 17.585)

1

0.007**