Table 2 Characteristics of cross-sectional studies included in the systematic review
From: Effect of dietary patterns on functional dyspepsia in adults: a systematic review
First author, Year, Location | Population (Diagnostic criteria) | Number (intervention/control) Female (%) Age range/mean age (y) | Dietary pattern | Dietary Measure and analysis | Symptom measure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ostrowski, 2018, Poland [11] | Healthy volunteer with vegetarian, vegan, or general diet (> 1y) | 1209 44.74% Mean (SD)27.96 (10.74) | Vegetarian diet, Vegan diet | NR (Dichotomized question: “Do you follow a vegetarian or vegan diet?”) | Presence of fullness and bloating by unvalidated questionnaire |
Ghoshal, 2017, India [26] | Adult resident of three villages | 2,774 1201(43.3%) 38.4 +- 16.5 | Vegetarian diet | A questionnaire to obtain data on predominant diet (vegetarian was defined as consuming no food of animal origin except milk) | Presence of dyspepsia by ROME III criteria |
Mitsou, 2017, Greece [27] | Healthy adults | 100 52% 18–65 | Mediterranean diet | Semi-quantitative FFQ: thirteen main food groups were created. The level of adherence to the Mediterranean diet was assessed using an eleven-item composite index, the MedDietScore | Severity of epigastric pain and bloating by 5-point Likert |
Zito, 2016, Italy [28] | FD/IBS/healthy control (based on ROME III) | 1,134 47% Age range 18–83 years old | Mediterranean diet | The Mediterranean Diet Quality index for children and adolescents (KIDMED): for 17 to 24 years The Short Mediterranean Diet Questionnaire: for > 24 years The score was classified into three levels of adherence: optimal, intermediate, low. | Presence of dyspepsia by ROME III criteria |