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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the participants with different AUC-OGTT patterns during 24–28 weeks of gestation

From: Association between the glucose pattern in oral glucose tolerance test and adverse pregnancy outcomes among non-diabetic women

Variables

SA pattern

MA pattern

LA pattern

P-value a

P-value b

N (number)

7,834

7,894

7,849

  

Maternal age (years)

29.9 ± 4.0

30.8 ± 4.1

31.6 ± 4.2

< 0.001

< 0.001

 < 30

3,951 (50.43)

3,287 (41.64)

2,796 (35.62)

  

 30–34

2,831 (36.14)

3,087 (39.11)

3,093 (39.41)

  

 ≥ 35

1,052 (13.43)

1,520 (19.25)

1,960 (24.97)

  

Preconception BMI (kg/m2)

20.2 ± 2.4

20.7 ± 2.6

21.0 ± 2.7

< 0.001

< 0.001

 Underweight

1,932 (24.66)

1,541 (19.52)

1,257 (16.01)

  

 Normal-weight

5,390 (68.80)

5,513 (69.84)

5,584 (71.15)

  

 Overweight and obese

512 (6.54)

840 (10.64)

1008 (12.84)

  

Han ethnic group (n, %)

7,799 (99.55)

7,856 (99.52)

7,821 (99.64)

0.750

0.373

Smoking history (n, %)

   

0.359

0.205

 Yes

7 (0.09)

4 (0.05)

3 (0.04)

  

 No

7,827 (99.91)

7,890 (99.95)

7,846 (99.96)

  

Drinking history (n, %)

   

0.314

0.316

 Yes

3 (0.04)

1 (0.01)

1 (0.01)

  

 No

7,831 (99.96)

7,893 (99.99)

7,848 (99.99)

  

Education (n, %)

   

0.053

< 0.001

 Primary or below

24 (0.31)

28 (0.35)

24 (0.30)

  

 Middle school

1,111 (14.18)

1,017 (12.88)

940 (11.98)

  

 College or above

6,699 (85.51)

6,849 (86.77)

6,885 (87.72)

  

Gestational weight gain (kg)

14.4 ± 4.4

14.3 ± 4.3

14.1 ± 4.2

0.088

< 0.001

 Adequate

3,591 (45.84)

3,594 (45.53)

3,605 (45.93)

  

 Inadequate

1,907 (24.34)

1,911 (24.21)

1,860 (23.70)

  

 Excess

2,336 (29.82)

2,389 (30.26)

2,384 (30.37)

  

Gravidity (n, %)

   

< 0.001

< 0.001

 0

3,576 (45.65)

3,293 (41.72)

3,004 (38.27)

  

 1

2,304 (29.41)

2,404 (30.45)

2,455 (31.28)

  

 ≥ 2

1,954 (24.94)

2,197 (27.83)

2,390 (30.45)

  

Parity (n, %)

   

< 0.001

< 0.001

 Nullipara

5,171 (66.01)

4,893 (61.98)

4,590 (58.48)

  

 Multipara

2,663 (33.99)

3,001 (38.02)

3,259 (41.52)

  

IVF (n, %)

236 (3.01)

348 (4.41)

405 (5.16)

< 0.001

< 0.001

History of abortion (n, %)

   

< 0.001

< 0.001

 0

4,779 (61.00)

4,607 (58.36)

4,382 (55.83)

  

 1

2,004 (25.58)

2,072 (26.25)

2,192 (27.93)

  

 ≥ 2

1,051 (13.42)

1,215 (15.39)

1,275 (16.24)

  

History of preterm birth (n, %)

   

0.585

0.261

 Yes

132 (1.68)

142 (1.80)

151 (1.92)

  

 No

7,702 (98.32)

7,752 (98.20)

7,698 (98.08)

  

OGTT (mmol/L)

     

 FPG

4.27 ± 0.29

4.35 ± 0.29

4.43 ± 0.30

< 0.001

< 0.001

 1 h-PG

6.07 ± 0.83

7.61 ± 0.52

8.88 ± 0.55

< 0.001

< 0.001

 2 h-PG

5.74 ± 0.84

6.52 ± 0.76

7.32 ± 0.71

< 0.001

< 0.001

  1. Continuous variables were presented as mean ± standard deviation and compared using the independent sample t-test. Categorical variables were expressed as proportions (%) and compared using the chi-square test. The SA, MA, and LA patterns represent three distinct categories based on the AUC of OGTT, corresponding to small, medium, and large areas respectively
  2. P-value a, MA pattern vs. SA pattern; P-value b, LA pattern vs. SA pattern
  3. AUC, area under the curve; OGTT, oral glucose tolerance test; BMI: body mass index; IVF, in vitro fertilization; FPG: fasting plasma glucose; 1 h-PG, 1-hour plasma glucose; 2 h-PG, 2-hour plasma glucose
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Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition

ISSN: 2072-1315

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