Fig. 7

STAI-S scores during the different types of linear spatial landscapes. (A) Comparison of college students’ STAI-S scores between pre- and post-visiting different types of linear spatial landscapes. N = 40, mean ± SD, **p < 0.01, paired-sample t-test. (B) Comparison of changing values of STAI-S scores among the different linear spatial landscapes. N = 40, mean ± SD, **p < 0.01, one-way ANOVA. APS: Avenue passage space, GPS: Gallery frame passage space, WPS: Waterfront road passage space, DPS: Driveway passage space, and IPS: Indoor corridor passage space